Can a minor claim copyright?

Yes.

“Like any other property, all or part of the rights in a work may be transferred by the owner to another.”
— U.S. Copyright Office

“Minors may claim copyright, and the U.S. Copyright Office issues registrations to minors, but state laws may regulate the business dealings involving copyrights owned by minors. For information on relevant state laws, consult an attorney.”
— U.S. Copyright Office